居民对海岛旅游影响感知的实证研究     

陈金华 《广东海洋大学学报》2007,27(5):20-25

采用实地考察、问卷调查与访谈的方法对我国旅游型海岛东山岛进行调查发现,当地居民对旅游影响的正面感知较强,突出表现在旅游经济影响方面,反映了当地旅游业发展处于起步阶段;居民对旅游的负面影响感知较弱,反映了当地经济转型时期居民对旅游业的期望较高;居民人口统计学的差异对旅游影响感知总体差异不大,但在某些方面存在一定差异。  相似文献   

快速开发背景下海岛的生态安全评价——以平潭岛为例          下载免费PDF全文

孙会荟  高升  曹广喜 《应用海洋学学报》2018,37(4):560-567

随着人类活动的加剧与社会经济的持续发展,对海岛的开发日益剧烈.动态评价海岛开发建设过程中的生态安全状况是提出生态环境保护对策的前提;深入分析影响海岛生态安全的主要影响因子是准确调整海岛发展政策的客观依据,对缓解海岛开发建设与生态安全的矛盾,实现海岛建设与生态环境相互协调具有重要意义.本研究依据平潭岛的实际情况筛选出34个评价因子构建生态安全评价指标体系,指标涵盖社会、经济、环境3个方面.采用熵权法计算各评价指标权重提高了评价的客观性与准确性,通过主成分投影法对平潭岛2005—2015年的生态安全状况进行动态评价,探讨了平潭岛生态安全的变化状况.其中生态安全状况最差与最好的年份分别为2006、2011年,2006年的生态安全投影值最小,只有0. 004 1; 2011年的生态安全投影值最高,为0. 178 1.绘制生态安全状况趋势图发现2009—2011年生态安全投影值的变化最为明显.通过灰色关联法进行驱动力分析发现社会消费品零售总额增长率、财政总支出、固定资产投资额增长率、工业总值增长率、接待旅游人数、城镇人口失业率、水产品总产量、生活垃圾无害化处理率、耕地年均损失率等9个社会经济指标对平潭岛的生态安全状况起到关键影响.  相似文献   

厦门岛黄厝沙滩蚀退的原因与防护工程     

石谦  蔡爱智 《台湾海峡》2008,27(1):92-98

黄厝沙滩位于厦门岛的东南岸,长4.2km,走向为NE-SW.东距小金门岛4.6km.南距大担、二担等小岛4km.1956年至2001年的45a间,在优势的NE向风和浪的作用下,沙滩平均每年以约2m的速度后退.近20a来,由于人工挖砂和海岸工程不当等原因,黄厝沙滩受到更严重的破坏.在近年沿岸道路和绿化带的施工中,人为地把原来大于30°坡度的天然侵蚀陡坎削成小于10°并与沙滩连接成一个坡面的缓坡.强台风袭来时,出现了多处沙滩砂不受阻挡地冲越上马路,冲越高程超过黄零8.5～9.0 m.在宽40多米的环岛路上积砂厚达8～10 cm!为了有效地保护黄厝沙滩,防止海岸线继续后退,应当采取挡沙坝或"离岸坝"工程以阻止纵向泥沙搬运,同时在可能出现横向砂冲越上岸的岸段和侵蚀后退严重的岸段修建护岸和挡浪墙工程以阻挡台风时大量海滩砂向陆地冲越.  相似文献   

First cosmogenic 10Be constraints on LGM glaciation on New Zealand's North Island: Park Valley,Tararua Range     

Martin S. Brook  James Shulmeister  Tyne V. H. Crow  Albert Zondervan 《第四纪科学杂志》2008,23(8):707-712

We report the first direct ages for late Quaternary glaciation on the North Island of New Zealand. Mt Ruapehu, the volcanic massif in the North Island's centre, is currently glaciated and probably sustained glaciers throughout the late Quaternary, yet no numeric ages have been reported for glacial advances anywhere on the North Island. Here, we describe cosmogenic ¹⁰Be ages of the surface layers of a glacially transported boulder and glacially polished bedrock from the Tararua Range, part of the axial ranges of the North Island. Results indicate that a limited valley glaciation occurred, culminating in recession at the end of the last glacial coldest period (LGCP, ca. 18 ka). This provides an initial age for deglaciation on the North Island during the last glacial–interglacial transition (LGIT). It appears that glaciation occurred in response to an equilibrium‐line altitude (ELA) lowering of ～1400 m below the present‐day mean summer freezing level. Ages for glaciation in the Tararua Range correspond closely to exposure ages for the last glacial maximum (LGM) from the lateral moraines of Cascade Valley in the South Island, and in Cobb Valley, in northern South Island. The corollary is that glaciation in the Tararua Range coincided with the phase of maximum cooling during MIS 2, prior to the Antarctic Cold Reversal (ACR), during the LGCP. Copyright © 2008 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.  相似文献   

MARINE FOULING IN OFFSHORE AREAS EAST OF HAINAN ISLAND, NORTHERN SOUTH CHINA SEA     

严涛  严文侠  董钰  王华接  严岩  粱冠和 《中国海洋湖沼学报》1999,17(3):233-239

INTRODUCTIONBiofoulingonunderwaterpartsofman mademarinestructuresisamajoreconomicandtechni calproblemhavinginternationaldimensionsforthedevelopmentofoceanengineeringbecauseitnotonlyincreasesstaticandhydrodynamicloading,butalsoaffectscorrosioncharacteristicsandim pedesunderwaterinspectionandmaintenance (CallowandEdyvean ,1 990 ) .Duetodifferencesingeographicalpositionsandenvironmentalconditions,thedistributionofsessileorganismsvarieswitharea .Therefore ,understandingtheformationofbiofoulin…  相似文献   

七连屿海域表层海水及沉积物重金属环境质量评估          下载免费PDF全文

贺仕昌  蔚广鑫  王德鸿  陈海南  陈巧弟 《应用海洋学学报》2020,39(2):246-252

为研究七连屿海洋环境质量状况,于2017年8月在七连屿海域布设20个采样站位,共采集到22个表层海水样品及6个表层沉积物样品,通过原子吸收分光光度计及原子荧光分光光度计测定海水及沉积物中重金属(Cu、Pb、Zn、Cd、Cr、As、Hg)的含量,采用单因子评价法、综合污染指数法及相关性分析对水质重金属污染程度进行研究,并采用单因子评价法及Hankanson潜在生态风险指数法分别对沉积物质量及沉积物中重金属潜在生态风险进行评价。结果表明,2017年七连屿海域表层海水重金属含量CZn>CPb>CAs>CCr>CCu>CCd>CHg,部分站位海水铅含量超一类海水水质标准,但是综合污染指数小于1,该调查海域表层海水属于清洁型;海水中Zn-As、Cr-Cd含量之间存在显著负相关关系,此两组元素存在明显异源性;该调查海域表层沉积物重金属含量均符合第一类海洋沉积物质量标准,沉积物重金属对海洋生态系统仅存在轻微生态风险。  相似文献   

隍城岛海域塔玛亚历山大藻赤潮发展过程及其成因   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

宋秀凯  马建新  刘义豪  刘丽娟  马元庆  任利华  汤宪春 《海洋湖沼通报》2009,(4)

2006年9月,南隍城岛附近海域首次发生由塔玛亚历山大藻(Alexandrium tamarense)引发的大规模赤潮,面积约2.37 km~2,最大细胞丰度2.334×10~8cell/L,大量衰亡赤潮生物的分解消耗水体的溶解氧,引起中下层水体严重缺氧,导致当地网箱养殖的鱼类全部死亡,藻体分泌的麻痹性贝毒(PSP),导致岸边的皱纹盘鲍近一半死亡.通过对这次赤潮的研究认为:其成因主要是由船舶压舱水排海带来赤潮生物物种,大量陆源有机物、营养盐类的排入和大规模贝类筏式养殖的自身污染为赤潮生物的暴发性繁殖提供了丰富的物质基础,适宜的水文气象条件为赤潮的发生提供了良好的繁殖环境.  相似文献   

Impacts of tuna industries on coastal communities in Pacific Island countries     

Kate Barclay 《Marine Policy》2010

Tuna fishing and processing industries have brought both a range of economic development and cultural contact opportunities to coastal communities in Pacific Island countries, and a variety of social and environmental challenges. This article outlines the main trends in the tuna industries of the region, examines the aspirations of coastal communities towards these industries, and traces actual experiences of their operations.  相似文献   

Distributions of dissolved vitamin B₁₂ and Co in coastal and open-ocean environments     

Caterina Panzeca  Aaron J. Beck  Antonio Tovar-Sanchez  Jose Segovia-Zavala  Gordon T. Taylor  Christopher J. Gobler  Sergio A. Saudo-Wilhelmy 《Estuarine, Coastal and Shelf Science》2009,85(2):223-230

Distributions of dissolved vitamin B₁₂ and total dissolved Co were measured to gain an understanding of the cycling of these interdependent micronutrients in six marine settings including; an upwelling location, a semi-enclosed bay, two urban coastal systems, and two open ocean locations. Along the coast of Baja California, Mexico, concentrations of B₁₂ and dissolved Co varied from 0.2 to 11 pM and 180 to 990 pM, respectively. At a nearby upwelling station, vitamin B₁₂ and Co concentrations ranged from 0.3 to 7.0 pM and 22 to 145 pM, and concentrations did not correlate with upwelling intensity. Concentrations of B₁₂ were highest within Todos Santos Bay, a semi-enclosed bay off the coast of Baja California, Mexico, during a dinoflagellate bloom, ranging from 2 to 61 pM, while Co concentrations varied between 61 and 194 pM. In the anthropogenically impacted Long Island Sound, NY, U.S.A., B₁₂ levels were between 0.1 and 23 pM and Co concentrations varied from 60 to 1900 pM. However, anthropogenic inputs were not evident in B₁₂ levels in the San Pedro Basin, located outside Los Angeles, Ca, U.S.A., where concentrations of B₁₂ were 0.2–1.8 pM, approximating observed open ocean B₁₂ concentrations. In the Southern Ocean and North Atlantic Ocean, B₁₂ levels were 0.4–4 pM and 0.2–2 pM, respectively. Total Co concentrations in the Southern Ocean and North Atlantic tended to be low; measuring 26–59 pM and 15–80 pM, respectively. These low Co concentrations may limit B₁₂ synthesis and its availability to B₁₂-requiring phytoplankton because the total dissolved Co pool is not necessarily entirely bioavailable.  相似文献   

Whose sustainability? Top–down participation and emergent rules in marine protected area management in Indonesia     

Marion Glaser  Wasistini Baitoningsih  Sebastian C.A. Ferse  Muhammad Neil  Rio Deswandi 《Marine Policy》2010

A review of a major community-based marine protected area programme (CB-MPA) in an Indonesian island archipelago is the point of departure for this article. Despite a well-designed institutional structure to facilitate local participation, local knowledge about the CB-MPA is found to be low and resource access and influence on decision-making in the programme is negligible for the majority of islanders. At the same time, most of those who know about the programme consider it as pertaining to the public authority only. These findings stand in contrast to evidence on non-formal ways of protecting and managing marine areas in the same geographical area but outside the formal MPA institutional framework. In particular, the article identifies a number of emergent rules-in-use in marine management, which operate parallel to legally established MPAs. It is argued that emergent forms of marine area protection such as non-formal self-organising island exclusion zones (IEZ) offer as yet mostly unused potentials for formal MPA development, particularly in those coastal and marine areas without traditional forms of marine and coastal management.  相似文献